Sanskritisation This concept or term was coined by M.N. Srinivas (a famous Indian Sociologist). Sanskrutization can be defined as the process by which a ‘low’ caste or tribe or other group takes over the customs, ritual, beliefs, ideology and style of life of a high and, in particular, a ‘twice-born (dwija) caste’. Impact of sanskritisation […]
Meaning •What is socialisation? Socialisation is an important process for the functioning and continuation of society. Different societies have different ways and methods to train their new born members so that they are able to develop their own personalities. This training of and building the personality of the child is called socialisation. •Socialisation is a
Early humans would have obtained food in a number of ways, such as gathering, hunting, scavenging, and fishing. The gathering would involve collecting plant foods such as seeds, nuts, berries, fruits, and tubers.
Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (1975) is a profound and transformative work that interrogates the evolution of punishment and the mechanisms of power in modern societies. Foucault, a French philosopher and historian, explores the transition from public spectacles of punishment in pre-modern times to the more insidious and pervasive systems
The modern nation-state, with a centralized structure and elaborate bureaucracy, is a relatively recent human innovation (Bottomore 1979) having been in existence for only about 6,000 years (Berberoglu 1990). Prior to the rise of the state, authority was determined by kinship relations or religious rituals with no specific group charged with decision-making responsibility (Bottomore 1979).
Authority implies legitimacy or legitimate use of power. According to Weber, there are three systems of legitimation, each with its corresponding norms, which justify the power to command. It is these systems of legitimation which are designated as the followingtypes of authority. (i) Traditional authority This system of legitimation flows from traditional action. In other
Social Action: Action is ‘social’ insofar as its subjective meaning takes account of the behavior of others and is thereby oriented in its course.
Systems of Land Ownership The system of land ownership regulates the relationship of the people to the land, specifically the power of disposition over land and the right to use the land. As it is practically impossible, on the one hand, to increase the amount of land while, on the other hand, it is the
Introduction to Herbert Marcuse Herbert Marcuse was a German philosopher closely associated with the Frankfurt school (Radical intellectuals) Marcuse was more of a Marxist wing of the school. First published in 1964, the book was one of the most important works of that time and was recognized as a significant critical diagnosis of the present
Introduction Talcott Parsons (1902-1979) was a prominent American Sociologist of twentieth century. He served on the faculty of Harvard University from 1921 to 1973. Parsons made a rapid academic progress. He was made chairman of the Harvard Sociology department in 1944; in 1946, he set up and chaired the innovative department of Social relations; in
When one closely observes a society, s/he may witness various diverse groups in it. Despite these diverse there exists a basic element of unity among the individuals in the society. This phenomenon is called unity in diversity.
Indian Society: Basic Features Indian society is a rich mix of many different cultures, traditions, and ways of living. Understanding its main features gives us a better idea of this ancient civilization’s complexity and uniqueness. Here are some of the important things that make up Indian society: Conclusion Indian society is a complex and dynamic
The Introduction (The Archaeology of Knowledge) In France, a country that awards its intellectuals the status other countries give to their rockstars, Michel Foucault (1926–1984) was part of a glittering generation of thinkers. One of the great intellectual heroes of twentieth century, Foucault was a man whose passion and reason were at the service of
The original constitution contained only the fundamental rights and not the fundamental duties. In other words, the framers of the Constitution did not feel it necessary to incorporate the fundamental duties of the citizens in the Constitution.
Fundamental rights are discussed in part III of the Indian constitution. It mentioned the following rights as fundamental that are enjoyed by the citizens of India.
Tribe is generally used for a “socially cohesive unit, associated with a territory, the members of which regard themselves as politically autonomous
System Analysis in Political Science Systems analysis was influenced by the Austrian Canadian biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy and the American sociologist Talcott Parsons. So, it is a variant of structural functionalism used in political science. It is a broad theory about how the various parts and levels of a political system interact with each other. The central or the
In origin and development of Sociology, two factors played important role. 1) Intellectual Forces (contributions of thinkers; 2) Social Forces (Social conditions prevalent in society).
Behaviouralism or the behavioural approach to analysis and explanation of political phenomena is particularly associated with the work of American political scientists Like Graham Wallas and Arthur Bently. It was Systematically developed by David Easton.
Top Universities in India for Social Sciences like Sociology, Psychology, Political Science etc.
The social institution is a system of beliefs, norms, values, positions and activities that develop around a basic societal need or generally, institutions are patterns of norms that define behaviour in social relationships. Institutions are the pre-defined patterns of conduct established by habitualised human actions.
Community is a term we apply to a pioneer settlement, e.g., a village, a city, a tribe or a nation. Whenever the members of any group (small or large) live together in such a way that they share the basic conditions of common life, we call that group a community.
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY: Sociology is concerned with human society and human social activities. Auguste Comte, a French thinker, is known as the ‘Father of Sociology’
Sources of the Constitution of India:
Fundamental Rights – US;
DPSP – Ireland;
Fundamental Duties – USSR;
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity – France;
and So On…
Sociology Books For UPSC: To start with one should go for NCERT Books (class 11th and 12th), NIOS Material on Sociology and Selected IGNOU material for specific topics.
